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- %\iffalse
- %/////////////////////////////////////////
- % Generic bibliography style /
- % Adapted from XBTXBST.DOC /
- % for use with or without MAKEBST.TEX /
- %/////////////////////////////////////////
- % This file is self-documenting: simply LaTeX it!
- %% (Here are the specifications of the source file)
- %<*selfdoc>
- \ifx\undefined\endoptions\def\next{%
- \NeedsTeXFormat{LaTeX2e}%
- \documentclass[a4paper,11pt]{article}%
- \usepackage{doc}%
- \def\skipguard##1>{}\MakePercentIgnore\skipguard}\else\let\next\relax\fi
- \next
- %</selfdoc>
- %% \def\filename{xbtxbst.mbs}
- %% \def\filedate{1994 July 1}
- %% \def\fileversion{1.1}
- %\iffalse
- %% NOTICE:
- %% This file may be used for non-profit purposes.
- %% It may not be distributed in exchange for money,
- %% other than distribution costs.
- %%
- %% The author provides it `as is' and does not guarantee it in any way.
- %% Copyright (C) 1993 Patrick W. Daly
- %% Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Aeronomie
- %% Postfach 20
- %% D-37189 Katlenburg-Lindau
- %% Germany
- %% E-mail:
- %% SPAN-- nsp::linmpi::daly (note nsp also known as ecd1)
- %% Internet-- daly@linmpi.dnet.gwdg.de
- %%-----------------------------------------------------------
- % For use with docstrip to select various style parameters
- % This is derived from XBTXBST.DOC version 1.02 of Nelson H.F.Beebe
- % which in turn is derived from Oren Patashnik's BTXBST.DOC.
- % The original files are meant to be processed with a C Preprocessor.
- % I have modified it to run under Frank Mittelbach's DOCSTRIP
- % program instead, with or without my MAKEBST interface. (MAKEBST
- % uses information in this file to produce, with interactive menus,
- % a DOCSTRIP batch job). I have also taken over Patashnik's (and Beebe's)
- % comments and LaTeXized them so that this whole thing can produce a
- % doc.sty type description. Just LaTeX this file to get it (you will
- % need doc.sty, however).
- % PWD
- %% \CharacterTable
- %% {Upper-case \A\B\C\D\E\F\G\H\I\J\K\L\M\N\O\P\Q\R\S\T\U\V\W\X\Y\Z
- %% Lower-case \a\b\c\d\e\f\g\h\i\j\k\l\m\n\o\p\q\r\s\t\u\v\w\x\y\z
- %% Digits \0\1\2\3\4\5\6\7\8\9
- %% Exclamation \! Double quote \" Hash (number) \#
- %% Dollar \$ Percent \% Ampersand \&
- %% Acute accent \' Left paren \( Right paren \)
- %% Asterisk \* Plus \+ Comma \,
- %% Minus \- Point \. Solidus \/
- %% Colon \: Semicolon \; Less than \<
- %% Equals \= Greater than \> Question mark \?
- %% Commercial at \@ Left bracket \[ Backslash \\
- %% Right bracket \] Circumflex \^ Underscore \_
- %% Grave accent \` Left brace \{ Vertical bar \|
- %% Right brace \} Tilde \~}
- % \CodelineIndex
- % ^^A\OnlyDescription
- % \setcounter{StandardModuleDepth}{1}
- % \begin{document}
- % \setcounter{IndexColumns}{2}
- % \setlength{\IndexMin}{10cm}
- % \changes{1.0}{1993 Aug 16}{Initial version}
- % \changes{1.1}{1994 July 1}{Change documentation to \LaTeX2e}
- % \changes{1.1}{1994 July 1}{Add possibility of NFSS commands}
- % ^^A Change margins to center text
- % \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{0.5\paperwidth}
- % \addtolength{\oddsidemargin}{-0.5\textwidth}
- % \addtolength{\oddsidemargin}{-1in}
- % \setlength{\evensidemargin}{\oddsidemargin}
- % \pagestyle{headings}
- % \title{\bfseries Docstrip Version of XBTXBST.DOC}
- %
- % \author{P. W. Daly}
- % \date{This paper describes file \texttt{\filename},\\
- % version \fileversion{} from \filedate}
- % \maketitle
- % \MakeShortVerb{\|}
- % \parskip=1ex \parindent=0pt
- % \newcommand{\btx}{\textsc{Bib}\TeX}
- % \newcommand{\dtx}{\textsf{docstrip}}
- % \part{About This File}
- % \section{Introduction}
- % When I got the idea of using Frank Mittelbach's \dtx{} program to
- % make up generic, or master, bibliographic style files for \btx, I took
- % the standard {\tt.bst} file {\tt plain} plus {\tt apalike} (also from
- % Patashnik) and merged them as my model. I wanted to add various options
- % using \dtx{} alternative coding, as explained in the next
- % sections. However, in order to find out what bibliographic features were
- % being used by others, I copied every {\tt.bst} file I could find in order
- % to compare the results. In this way I discovered {\tt xbtxbst.doc}, a
- % modified version of {\tt btxbst.doc} that includes ISBN and ISSN
- % numbers, as well as a |periodical| type. The {\tt.bst} styles produced
- % from it are normally prefixed with |is-| to distinguish them from the
- % original four.
- % The original file {\tt btxbst.doc} is
- % Patashnik's master file for producing the four standard {\tt.bst} files,
- % and it works exactly as I visualized using \dtx{}, but with a
- % C-pre\-pro\-cessor. It contains only 6 options. It was no great problem
- % to convert the preprocessor commands to \dtx{} equivalents.
- % However, what is even more interesting is the extensive comments from
- % Patashnik that fill the coding. These are simply {\sc ascii} comments,
- % but I decided to try to convert them to \LaTeX{} format in order to
- % produce a true internally documented file in the manner of Mittelbach's
- % {\tt doc.sty} system. For anyone struggling through \btx{} formatting
- % language, this will be a great relief.
- % I provide this file in such a manner that when it is \LaTeX{}ed, it only
- % produces my introductory text, describing master files and {\tt makebst},
- % as well as the menus for running {\tt makebst} and \dtx{}. To
- % obtain the whole \btx{} coding, with Patashnik's comments, you must
- % remove the line |% \OnlyDescription| near the beginning. Removal is done
- % not by adding a \% sign (they have been turned off!) but by physical
- % deletion, or better, by adding |^^A|, as |% ^^A\OnlyDescription|. This is
- % a speciality of {\tt doc.sty}, and not of normal \LaTeX.
- % \section{About Master Bibliographic Style Files}
- % \subsection{The \dtx{} Options}
- % This master file is a \btx{} bibliographic style file containing
- % alternative coding depending on \dtx{} options. The options are
- % selected when \dtx{} is run, either interactively or through a
- % batch job.
- % Suppose that one of the options is called {\tt xyz}. Then the following
- % alternatives are possible:
- % \begin{quote}
- % |%<xyz> | \em one line of coding
- % \end{quote}
- % \emph{includes} the single line of coding;
- % \begin{quote}
- % |%<!xyz> | \em one line of coding
- % \end{quote}
- % \emph{excludes} the single line;
- % \begin{quote}
- % |%<*xyz> | \\
- % \emph{several lines of coding}\\
- % |%</xyz> |
- % \end{quote}
- % \emph{includes} all the bracketted lines;
- % \begin{quote}
- % |%<*!xyz> | \\
- % \emph{several lines of coding}\\
- % |%</!xyz> |
- % \end{quote}
- % \emph{excludes} all the bracketted lines.
- % Options may be logically combined: the symbol \verb!|! is a logical {\sf
- % or}, |&| a logical {\sf and}, |!| a logical {\sf not}; parentheses {\tt(}
- % and {\tt)} may be used to group options.
- % \subsection{The \dtx{} Batch Job}
- % In order to generate a true \btx{} style file with selected options from
- % this master file, it is necessary to run a \dtx{} batch job.
- % Suppose that the master file is named {\tt master.mbs}, and the
- % resulting \btx{} style file is to be {\tt silly.bst}, and the batch job
- % file itself is called {\tt silly.drv}. To produce this with options, say,
- % {\tt xyz} and {\tt abc}, the batch job would look something like:
- % \begin{quote}\begin{verbatim}
- % \def\batchfile{silly.drv}
- % \input docstrip
- % \preamble
- % This is for Journal of Silly Results
- % \endpreamble
- % \postamble
- % End of customized bst file
- % \endpostamble
- % \keepsilent
- % \generateFile{silly.bst}{f}{\from{master.mbs}{xyz,abc}}
- % \end{verbatim}
- % \end{quote}
- % A preamble is not necessary, although it is advisable to include some
- % statement about the application of the bibliographic style. A postamble
- % \emph{is} vital, otherwise the default will add |\endinput| at the end
- % of the file, something that \btx{} will not understand. The |\keepsilent|
- % is optional and just suppresses \dtx{} output during processing.
- % \subsection{The {\tt makebst} Program}
- % The program {\tt makebst} simplifies the creation of the batch job file. To
- % do that, it needs information on the available options. This information
- % must be stored in a special format, either in the master file itself, or
- % in a file with the same root name but extension {\tt.opt}. The form of
- % this format is described in the documentation on {\tt makebst}.
- % In the master file, this information must be enclosed within \dtx{}
- % options |%<*options>| \dots |%</options>| and \emph{must} include an
- % |\endoptions| command. It may also include any number of comments.
- % A sample menu in the master file to select one or none of options {\tt
- % xyz} \emph{or} {\tt zyx} would look thus:
- % \begin{quote}\begin{verbatim}
- % %<*options>
- % \mes{Select one of these}
- % \optdef{f}{xyz}{Option forword}{to do forward stuff}
- % \optdef{r}{zyx}{Option reverse}{to do reverse stuff}
- % \optdef{*}{}{None of the above}{}
- % \getans
- % \endoptions
- % %</options>
- % %<*!options>
- % . . . . . .
- % %</!options>
- % \end{verbatim}
- % \end{quote}
- % An explanation of these commands is to be found in the documentation on
- % {\tt makebst}.
- % The menu information may be extracted from the master file by means of
- % \dtx{} and stored in a file with extension {\tt.opt}. If this
- % file is missing, the program tries to read it from the master file.
- % \section{The Options}
- % The original file {\tt xbtxbst.doc} contains only 6 options for the
- % C-pre\-pro\-cessor, which I have easily changed to 6 corresponding
- % \dtx{} options. (By comparison, my own master bibliographic style file
- % offers about 30.)
- % These six options are:
- % \renewcommand{\descriptionlabel}[1]{\hspace\labelsep \tt #1}
- % \begin{description}
- % \item[lab-alph] an alphabetic label is produced instead of a running
- % number;
- %
- % \item[sorted] the references are listed alphabetically by author(s); if
- % this is option is not given, then they appear in the list in the same
- % order as they are cited in the text;
- %
- % \item[name-full] first names of authors and editors are written out
- % (provided they have been given in the entry); if this option is
- % missing, then the first names are initialized;
- % \item[atit-lower] words in the titles of non-books (i.e., articles) are
- % converted to lowercase, other than the first word, and any words enclosed
- % in braces; if not given, such titles are reproduced as they are in the
- % entry;
- %
- % \item[month-full] the names of months are written out in full; otherwise
- % they are abbreviated;
- %
- % \item[jour-full] the names of the pre-defined journals are written out in
- % full; otherwise they are abbreviated.
- % \end{description}
- % The following table shows the values of these options for the four
- % standard bibliographic styles (+ means active, $-$ means not active):
- % \DeleteShortVerb{\|}
- % \begin{center}
- % \begin{tabular}{c|cccc}
- % \emph{Option} & \tt plain & \tt unsrt & \tt abbrv & \tt alph \\ \hline
- % \tt lab-alph & $-$ & $-$ & $-$ & + \\
- % \tt sorted & + & $-$ & + & + \\
- % \tt name-full& + & + & $-$ & + \\
- % \tt atit-lower& + & + & + & + \\
- % \tt month-full& + & + & $-$ & + \\
- % \tt jour-full& + & + & $-$ & + \\ \hline
- % \end{tabular}\end{center}
- % \MakeShortVerb{\|}
- % To this I have now added a seventh option:
- % \begin{description}
- % \item[nfss] to use NFSS font commands instead of the older \LaTeX~2.09 ones.
- % \end{description}
- % This means that |\emph{text}| is used in place of |{\em text}|. Such a
- % {\tt.bst} file can only be used with \LaTeXe. This allows an easy way to
- % update the standard four {\tt.bst} files to the new \LaTeX.
- % \section{The Menu Information}
- % Here I describe the options and menu information for this particular
- % master file for use with {\tt makebst}.
- % All this menu information is nested between \dtx{} guard options
- % |%<*options>| \dots\ |%</options>|, and the last command is
- % |\endoptions|. The rest of the file is nested between |%<*!options>|
- % \dots\ |%</!options>| in order to exclude it if \dtx{} is used to
- % extract only the menu information.
- % First the menu identifies itself.
- % \begin{macrocode}
- %<*options>
- \mes{^^JThis is XBTXBST.DOC, hacked to work with DOCSTRIP instead}
- \mes{\space\space of with a C Preprocessor}
- \mes{\space\space It is the Master File for the (extended) standard BibTeX}
- \mes{\space\space styles plain, unsrt, abbrv, and alpha}
- \mes{\space\space (Extended means ISBN and ISSN are included as fields)}
- % \end{macrocode}
- % Now the inquisition begins. Note that the default answers produce the
- % {\tt plain} (more properly the {\tt is-plain}) bibliographic style.
- % This illustrates how the menu defaults may be different from the
- % \dtx{} ones. The |^^J| forces a new line within the output message.
- % \begin{macrocode}
- \mes{^^JSelect your options:^^JStyle of label:}
- \optdef{*}{}{Numerical}{for plain, unsrt, abbrv}
- \optdef{a}{lab-alph}{Alphabetical}{for alpha}
- \getans
- \mes{^^JOrdering:}
- \optdef{*}{sorted}{Sorted}{for plain, abbrv, alpha}
- \optdef{u}{}{Unsorted}{for unsrt}
- \getans
- \mes{^^JAuthor names:}
- \optdef{*}{name-full}{Names fully written}{for plain, unsrt, alpha}
- \optdef{a}{}{Names abbreviated}{for abbrv}
- \getans
- \mes{^^JNon-book titles:}
- \optdef{*}{atit-lower}{Converted to l.c.}{for plain, unsrt, abbrv, alpha}
- \optdef{u}{}{As in entry}{for none}
- \getans
- \mes{^^JMonth names:}
- \optdef{*}{month-full}{Full}{for plain, unsrt, alpha}
- \optdef{a}{}{Abbreviated}{for abbrv}
- \getans
- \mes{^^JJournal names:}
- \optdef{*}{jour-full}{Full}{for plain, unsrt, alpha}
- \optdef{a}{}{Abbreviated}{for abbrv}
- \getans
- \mes{^^JNEW FONT SELECTION SCHEME:}
- \optdef{*}{}{No NFSS}{use 2.09 font commands}
- \optdef{n}{nfss}{NFSS}{use \string\textbf, \string\emph, not \string\bf,
- \string\em}
- \getans
- \endoptions
- %</options>
- % \end{macrocode}
- % \StopEventually{\relax
- % \DeleteShortVerb{\|}
- % \end{document}}
- % \newpage
- % \part{The Bibliographic Coding}
- % \begin{sl}
- % The remaining text is that found in {\tt xbtxbst.doc}, which is
- % almost the same as that in {\tt btxbst.doc}. I have only modified
- % it to work as \LaTeX{} input, adding |\tt| where necessary, and changing
- % |"text"| to |``text''|, adding environments, and sectioning commands,
- % and so on.
- % The original also contains several ``comment versions'' of the coding.
- % These are a simplified copy of the function in question. I have kept
- % them, as verbatim text. They are part of the comments themselves, and not
- % of the coding.
- % For more information about how the \btx{} stack language works, see
- % Patashnik's article {\tt btxhak.tex} that should be part of the standard
- % \LaTeX{} package.
- % The initial copyright and explanatory text has been moved from the
- % beginning to here; it is output into every {\tt.bst} file produced.
- % \end{sl}
- % \begin{macrocode}
- %<*!options>
- %% BibTeX `plain' family
- %% version 0.99b for BibTeX versions 0.99a or later, LaTeX version 2.09.
- %% Copyright (C) 1985, all rights reserved.
- %% Copying of this file is authorized only if either
- %% (1) you make absolutely no changes to your copy, including name, or
- %% (2) if you do make changes, you name it something other than
- %% btxbst.doc, plain.bst, unsrt.bst, alpha.bst, and abbrv.bst.
- %% This restriction helps ensure that all standard styles are identical.
- %% The file btxbst.doc has the documentation for this style.
- % \end{macrocode}
- % \begin{sl}
- % From here on, it is Oren Patashnik's original text. Any other comments that
- % I may have will be entered in slanted typeface as here.
- % \hbox to \hsize{\hfill PWD}
- % \end{sl}
- % \section{Background}
- % Entry formatting: Similar to that recommended by Mary-Claire van Leunen
- % in ``A Handbook for Scholars''. Book-like titles are italicized
- % (emphasized) and non-book titles are converted to sentence
- % capitalization (and not enclosed in quotes).
- % This file outputs a |\newblock| between major blocks of an entry
- % (the name |\newblock| is analogous to the names |\newline| and
- % |\newpage|)
- % so that the user can obtain an ``open'' format, which has a line break
- % before each block and lines after the first are indented within blocks,
- % by giving the optional |\documentstyle| argument |openbib|;
- % the default is the ``closed'' format---blocks runs together.
- % Citation alphabetic label format:
- % \begin{quote}
- % |[Knu73]| for single author (or editor or key)\\
- % |[AHU83]| (first letters of last names) for multiple authors
- % \end{quote}
- % Citation label numberic format:
- % \begin{quote}
- % |[number]|
- % \end{quote}
- % Reference list ordering for sorted, alphabetic lables:
- % \begin{quote}
- % alphabetical by citation label, then by author(s) or whatever
- % passes for author in the absence of one, then by year,
- % then title.
- % \end{quote}
- % Reference list ordering for sorted, numeric lables:
- % \begin{quote}
- % alphabetical by author(s) or whatever passes
- % for author in the absence of one, then by year, then title.
- % \end{quote}
- % Reference list ordering for unsorted:
- % \begin{quote}
- % by the order cited in the text.
- % \end{quote}
- % History:
- % \begin{list}{}{\labelwidth3cm \labelsep20pt \leftmargin\labelwidth
- % \addtolength{\leftmargin}{\labelsep} \rightmargin0pt}
- % \item[12/16/84 (HWT)] Original {\tt plain} version, by Howard Trickey.
- % \item[12/23/84 (LL)] Some comments made by Leslie Lamport.
- % \item[2/16/85 (OP)] Changes based on LL's comments, Oren Patashnik.
- % \item[2/17/85 (HWT)] Template file and other standard styles made.
- % \item[3/28/85 (OP)] First release, version 0.98b for \btx{} 0.98f.
- % \item[5/09/85 (OP)] Version 0.98c for \btx{} 0.98i:
- % fixed Theoretical Computer Science macro name;
- % fixed the {\tt format.vol.num.pages} function.
- % \item[1/24/88 (OP)] Version 0.99a for \btx{} 0.99a, main changes:
- % assignment operator (|:=|) arguments reversed;
- % the |preamble$| function outputs the database
- % |PREAMBLE|;
- % |entry.max$| and |global.max$| (built-in) variables
- % replace
- % |entry.string.max| and |global.string.max|
- % functions;
- % alphabetizing by year then title, not just
- % title;
- % many unnecessary ties removed;
- % |\em| $\Rightarrow$ |\em|;
- % the {\tt alpha} style uses a superscripted `+'
- % instead of a
- % `*' for unnamed names in constructing the
- % label;
- % the {\tt abbrv} style now uses ``Mar.''\ and
- % ``Sept.'';
- % the functions |calc.label| and |presort| now look
- % at just
- % the fields they're supposed to;
- % |BOOKLET|, |MASTERSTHESIS|, |TECHREPORT| use nonbook
- % titles;
- % |INBOOK| and |INCOLLECTION| take an optional type
- % (e.g.\
- % type = ``Section''), overriding the default
- % ``chapter'';
- % |BOOK|, |INBOOK|, |INCOLLECTION|, and
- % |PROCEEDINGS| now allow
- % either volume or number, not just volume;
- % |INCOLLECTION| now allows an edition and series field;
- %
- % |PROCEEDINGS| and |INPROCEEDINGS| now use the address
- % field
- % to tell where a conference was held;
- % |INPROCEEDINGS| and |PROCEEDINGS| now allow either
- % volume
- % or number, and also a series field;
- % |MASTERSTHESIS| and |PHDTHESIS| accept types other than
- % ``Master's thesis'' and ``PhD thesis'';
- % |UNPUBLISHED| now outputs, in one block, note then date;
- %
- % |MANUAL| now prints out the organization in
- % the first block if the author field is empty;
- % |MISC| can't be empty---it requires some optional field.
- % \item[3/23/88 (OP)] Version 0.99b for \btx{} 0.99c---changed the three
- % erroneous occurrences of {\tt cite} to |cite$|; this
- % change didn't affect the four standard styles, so the
- % 0.99a versions of those styles are still current.
- % \end{list}
- % \section{Preliminaries}
- % \subsection{The {\tt ENTRY} declaration}
- % Like Scribe's (according to pages 231-2 of the April '84 edition),
- % but no {\tt fullauthor} or {\tt editors} fields because \btx{} does
- % name handling.
- % The {\tt annote} field is commented out here because this family doesn't
- % include an annotated bibliography style. And in addition to the fields
- % listed here, \btx{} has a built-in crossref field, explained later.
- % \begin{macrocode}
- ENTRY
- % \end{macrocode}
- % Fields:
- % \begin{macrocode}
- { address
- % \end{macrocode}
- % Usually the address of a publisher or other type of organization.
- % Put information in this field only if it helps the reader find the
- % thing---for example you should omit the address of a major
- % publisher entirely. For a |PROCEEDINGS| or an |INPROCEEDINGS|,
- % however, it's the address of the conference; for those two entry
- % types, include the publisher's or organization's address, if
- % necessary, in the publisher or organization field.
- % \begin{macrocode}
- % annote
- % \end{macrocode}
- % Long annotation---for annotated bibliographies (begins sentence).
- % \begin{macrocode}
- author
- % \end{macrocode}
- % Name(s) of author(s), in \btx{} name format.
- % \begin{macrocode}
- booktitle
- % \end{macrocode}
- % Book title when the thing being referenced isn't the whole book.
- % For book entries, the |title| field should be used instead.
- % \begin{macrocode}
- chapter
- % \end{macrocode}
- % Chapter (or section or whatever) number.
- % \begin{macrocode}
- edition
- % \end{macrocode}
- % Edition of a book---should be an ordinal (e.g., ``Second'').
- % \begin{macrocode}
- editor
- % \end{macrocode}
- % Name(s) of editor(s), in \btx{} name format.
- % If there is also an |author| field, then the |editor| field
- % should be
- % for the book or collection that the work appears in.
- % \begin{macrocode}
- howpublished
- % \end{macrocode}
- % How something strange has been published (begins sentence).
- % \begin{macrocode}
- institution
- % \end{macrocode}
- % Sponsoring institution of a technical report.
- % \begin{macrocode}
- isbn
- % \end{macrocode}
- % ISBN book number (a 10-digit number with optional
- % embedded spaces or hyphens, where a `digit' is one of
- % 0123456789X).
- % \begin{macrocode}
- issn
- % \end{macrocode}
- % ISSN serial publication number (an 8-digit number with optional
- % embedded spaces or hyphens, where a `digit' is one of
- % 0123456789X).
- % \begin{macrocode}
- journal
- % \end{macrocode}
- % Journal name (macros are provided for many).
- % \begin{macrocode}
- key
- % \end{macrocode}
- % Alphabetizing, labeling, and cross-referencing key
- % (needed when an entry has no |author| or |editor|).
- % \begin{macrocode}
- month
- % \end{macrocode}
- % Month (macros are provided).
- % \begin{macrocode}
- note
- % \end{macrocode}
- % To help the reader find a reference (begins sentence).
- % \begin{macrocode}
- number
- % \end{macrocode}
- % Number of a journal or technical report, or of a work in a series.
- % \begin{macrocode}
- organization
- % \end{macrocode}
- % Organization sponsoring a conference (or publishing a manual); if
- % the |editor| (or |author|) is empty, and if the organization
- % produces
- % an awkward label or cross reference, you should put appropriately
- % condensed organization information in the |key| field as well.
- % \begin{macrocode}
- pages
- % \end{macrocode}
- % Page number or numbers (use |--| to separate a range, use |+|
- % to indicate pages following that don't form a simple range).
- % \begin{macrocode}
- publisher
- % \end{macrocode}
- % Publisher name.
- % \begin{macrocode}
- school
- % \end{macrocode}
- % School name (for theses).
- % \begin{macrocode}
- series
- % \end{macrocode}
- % The name of a series or set of books.
- % An individual book will also have it's own title.
- % \begin{macrocode}
- title
- % \end{macrocode}
- % The title of the thing you're referring to.
- % \begin{macrocode}
- type
- % \end{macrocode}
- % Type of a Techreport (e.g., ``Research Note'') to be used instead of
- % the default ``Technical Report''; or, similarly, the type of a
- % thesis; or of a part of a book.
- % \begin{macrocode}
- volume
- % \end{macrocode}
- % The volume number of a journal or multivolume work.
- % \begin{macrocode}
- year
- % \end{macrocode}
- % The year should contain only numerals (technically, it should end
- % with four numerals, after purification; doesn't a begin sentence).
- % \begin{macrocode}
- % \end{macrocode}
- % There are no integer entry variables
- % \begin{macrocode}
- % \end{macrocode}
- % These string entry variables are used to form the citation label.
- % In a storage pinch, |sort.label| can be easily computed on the fly.
- % \begin{macrocode}
- %<*lab-alph>
- %<sorted> { label extra.label sort.label }
- % \end{macrocode}
- % It doesn't seem like a good idea to use an order-of-citation
- % reference list when using alphabetic labels, but when this happens
- % we do things a little differently
- % \begin{macrocode}
- %<!sorted> { label }
- %</lab-alph>
- %<!lab-alph> { label }
- % \end{macrocode}
- % \subsection{Description of the Processing}
- % Each entry function starts by calling |output.bibitem|, to write the
- % |\bibitem| and its arguments to the {\tt.bbl} file. Then the various fields
- % are formatted and printed by |output| or |output.check|. Those functions
- % handle the writing of separators (commas, periods, |\newblock|'s),
- % taking care not to do so when they are passed a null string.
- % Finally, |fin.entry| is called to add the final period and finish the
- % entry.
- % A bibliographic reference is formatted into a number of `blocks':
- % in the open format, a block begins on a new line and subsequent
- % lines of the block are indented. A block may contain more than
- % one sentence (well, not a grammatical sentence, but something to
- % be ended with a sentence ending period). The entry functions should
- % call |new.block| whenever a block other than the first is about to be
- % started. They should call |new.sentence| whenever a new sentence is
- % to be started. The output functions will ensure that if two
- % |new.sentence|'s occur without any non-null string being output between
- % them then there won't be two periods output. Similarly for two
- % successive |new.block|'s.
- % The output routines don't write their argument immediately.
- % Instead, by convention, that argument is saved on the stack to be
- % output next time (when we'll know what separator needs to come
- % after it). Meanwhile, the output routine has to pop the pending
- % output off the stack, append any needed separator, and write it.
- % \subsubsection{The Output States}
- % To tell which separator is needed, we maintain an |output.state|.
- % It will be one of these values:
- % \begin{description}
- % \item[before.all] just after the |\bibitem|
- % \item[mid.sentence] in the middle of a sentence: comma needed
- % if more sentence is output
- % \item[after.sentence] just after a sentence: period needed
- % \item[after.block] just after a block (and sentence):
- % period and |\newblock| needed.
- % \end{description}
- % Note: These styles don't use |after.sentence|.
- % \begin{quote}
- % VAR: |output.state| : INTEGER \qquad -- state variable for output
- % \end{quote}
- % \subsubsection{The Output Functions}
- % The |output.nonnull| function saves its argument (assumed to be nonnull)
- % on the stack, and writes the old saved value followed by any needed
- % separator. The ordering of the tests is decreasing frequency of
- % occurrence.
- % \begin{verbatim}
- % output.nonnull(s) ==
- % BEGIN
- % s := argument on stack
- % if output.state = mid.sentence then
- % write$(pop() * ", ")
- % -- "pop" isn't a function: just use stack top
- % else
- % if output.state = after.block then
- % write$(add.period$(pop()))
- % newline$
- % write$("\newblock ")
- % else
- % if output.state = before.all then
- % write$(pop())
- % else -- output.state should be after.sentence
- % write$(add.period$(pop()) * " ")
- % fi
- % fi
- % output.state := mid.sentence
- % fi
- % push s on stack
- % END
- % \end{verbatim}
- % The output function calls |output.nonnull| if its argument is non-empty;
- % its argument may be a missing field (thus, not necessarily a string)
- % \begin{verbatim}
- % output(s) ==
- % BEGIN
- % if not empty$(s) then output.nonnull(s)
- % fi
- % END
- % \end{verbatim}
- % The |output.check| function is the same as the |output| function except
- % that, if
- % necessary, |output.check| warns the user that the |t| field shouldn't be
- % empty
- % (this is because it probably won't be a good reference without the field;
- % the entry functions try to make the formatting look reasonable even when
- % such fields are empty).
- % \begin{verbatim}
- % output.check(s,t) ==
- % BEGIN
- % if empty$(s) then
- % warning$("empty " * t * " in " * cite$)
- % else output.nonnull(s)
- % fi
- % END
- % \end{verbatim}
- % The |output.bibitem| function writes the |\bibitem| for the current entry
- % (the label should already have been set up), and sets up the separator
- % state for the output functions. And, it leaves a string on the stack
- % as per the output convention.
- % \begin{verbatim}
- % output.bibitem ==
- % BEGIN
- % newline$
- % write$("\bibitem[") % for alphabetic labels,
- % write$(label) % these three lines
- % write$("]{") % are used
- % write$("\bibitem{") % this line for numeric labels
- % write$(cite$)
- % write$("}")
- % push "" on stack
- % output.state := before.all
- % END
- % \end{verbatim}
- % The |fin.entry| function finishes off an entry by adding a period to the
- % string remaining on the stack. If the state is still |before.all|
- % then nothing was produced for this entry, so the result will look bad,
- % but the user deserves it. (We don't omit the whole entry because the
- % entry was cited, and a |\bibitem| is needed to define the citation label.)
- % \begin{verbatim}
- % fin.entry ==
- % BEGIN
- % write$(add.period$(pop()))
- % newline$
- % END
- % \end{verbatim}
- % The |new.block| function prepares for a new block to be output, and
- % |new.sentence| prepares for a new sentence.
- % \begin{verbatim}
- % new.block ==
- % BEGIN
- % if output.state <> before.all then
- % output.state := after.block
- % fi
- % END
- % new.sentence ==
- % BEGIN
- % if output.state <> after.block then
- % if output.state <> before.all then
- % output.state := after.sentence
- % fi
- % fi
- % END
- % \end{verbatim}
- % \subsection{Coding of Output Functions}
- % \begin{macrocode}
- INTEGERS { output.state before.all mid.sentence after.sentence after.block }
- FUNCTION {init.state.consts}
- { #0 'before.all :=
- #1 'mid.sentence :=
- #2 'after.sentence :=
- #3 'after.block :=
- % \end{macrocode}
- % The variables |s| and |t| are temporary string holders.
- % \begin{macrocode}
- STRINGS { s t }
- FUNCTION {output.nonnull}
- { 's :=
- output.state mid.sentence =
- { ", " * write$ }
- { output.state after.block =
- { add.period$ write$
- newline$
- "\newblock " write$
- }
- { output.state before.all =
- 'write$
- { add.period$ " " * write$ }
- if$
- }
- if$
- mid.sentence 'output.state :=
- }
- if$
- FUNCTION {output}
- { duplicate$ empty$
- 'pop$
- 'output.nonnull
- if$
- FUNCTION {output.check}
- { 't :=
- duplicate$ empty$
- { pop$ "empty " t * " in " * cite$ * warning$ }
- 'output.nonnull
- if$
- FUNCTION {output.bibitem}
- { newline$
- %<*lab-alph>
- "\bibitem[" write$
- label write$
- "]{" write$
- %</lab-alph>
- %<*!lab-alph>
- "\bibitem{" write$
- %</!lab-alph>
- cite$ write$
- "}" write$
- newline$
- before.all 'output.state :=
- % \end{macrocode}
- % This function finishes all entries.
- % \begin{macrocode}
- FUNCTION {fin.entry}
- { add.period$
- write$
- newline$
- FUNCTION {new.block}
- { output.state before.all =
- 'skip$
- { after.block 'output.state := }
- if$
- FUNCTION {new.sentence}
- { output.state after.block =
- 'skip$
- { output.state before.all =
- 'skip$
- { after.sentence 'output.state := }
- if$
- }
- if$
- % \end{macrocode}
- % \subsection{Some Auxiliary Functions}
- % These three functions pop one or two (integer) arguments from the stack
- % and push a single one, either |0| or |1|.
- % The |skip$| in the |and| and |or| functions are used because
- % the corresponding |if$| would be idempotent.
- % \begin{macrocode}
- FUNCTION {not}
- { { #0 }
- { #1 }
- if$
- FUNCTION {and}
- { 'skip$
- { pop$ #0 }
- if$
- FUNCTION {or}
- { { pop$ #1 }
- 'skip$
- if$
- % \end{macrocode}
- % Sometimes we begin a new block only if the block will be big enough. The
- % |new.block.checka| function issues a |new.block| if its argument is nonempty;
- % |new.block.checkb| does the same if either of its \emph{two} arguments is
- % nonempty.
- % \begin{macrocode}
- FUNCTION {new.block.checka}
- { empty$
- 'skip$
- 'new.block
- if$
- FUNCTION {new.block.checkb}
- { empty$
- swap$ empty$
- and
- 'skip$
- 'new.block
- if$
- % \end{macrocode}
- % The |new.sentence.check| functions are analogous.
- % \begin{macrocode}
- FUNCTION {new.sentence.checka}
- { empty$
- 'skip$
- 'new.sentence
- if$
- FUNCTION {new.sentence.checkb}
- { empty$
- swap$ empty$
- and
- 'skip$
- 'new.sentence
- if$
- % \end{macrocode}
- % \section{Formatting Functions}
- % \subsection{Formatting Names}
- % Here are some functions for formatting chunks of an entry.
- % By convention they either produce a string that can be followed by
- % a comma or period (using |add.period$|, so it is OK to end in a period),
- % or they produce the null string.
- % A useful utility is the |field.or.null| function, which checks if the
- % argument is the result of pushing a `missing' field (one for which no
- % assignment was made when the current entry was read in from the database)
- % or the result of pushing a string having no non-white-space characters.
- % It returns the null string if so, otherwise it returns the field string.
- % Its main (but not only) purpose is to guarantee that what's left on the
- % stack is a string rather than a missing field.
- % \begin{verbatim}
- % field.or.null(s) ==
- % BEGIN
- % if empty$(s) then return ""
- % else return s
- % END
- % \end{verbatim}
- % Another helper function is |emphasize|, which returns the argument emphasized,
- % if that is non-empty, otherwise it returns the null string. Italic
- % corrections aren't used, so this function should be used when punctation
- % will follow the result.
- % \begin{verbatim}
- % emphasize(s) ==
- % BEGIN
- % if empty$(s) then return ""
- % else return "{\em " * s * "}"
- % \end{verbatim}
- % The |format.names| function formats the argument (which should be in
- % \btx{} name format) into ``First Von Last, Junior'', separated by commas
- % and with an ``and'' before the last (but ending with ``et~al.'' if the last
- % of multiple authors is ``others''). This function's argument should always
- % contain at least one name.
- % \begin{quote}
- % VAR: |nameptr, namesleft, numnames|: INTEGER\\
- % pseudoVAR: |nameresult|: STRING \qquad(it's what's accumulated on the stack)
- % \end{quote}
- % \begin{verbatim}
- % format.names(s) ==
- % BEGIN
- % nameptr := 1
- % numnames := num.names$(s)
- % namesleft := numnames
- % while namesleft > 0
- % do
- % % for full names:
- % t := format.name$(s, nameptr, "{ff~}{vv~}{ll}{, jj}")
- % % for abbreviated first names:
- % t := format.name$(s, nameptr, "{f.~}{vv~}{ll}{, jj}")
- % if nameptr > 1 then
- % if namesleft > 1 then nameresult := nameresult * ", " * t
- % else if numnames > 2
- % then nameresult := nameresult * ","
- % fi
- % if t = "others"
- % then nameresult := nameresult * " et~al."
- % else nameresult := nameresult * " and " * t
- % fi
- % fi
- % else nameresult := t
- % fi
- % nameptr := nameptr + 1
- % namesleft := namesleft - 1
- % od
- % return nameresult
- % END
- % \end{verbatim}
- % The |format.authors| function returns the result of
- % |format.names(author)|
- % if the |author| is present, or else it returns the null string.
- % \begin{verbatim}
- % format.authors ==
- % BEGIN
- % if empty$(author) then return ""
- % else return format.names(author)
- % fi
- % END
- % \end{verbatim}
- % |Format.editors| is like |format.authors|, but it uses the |editor| field,
- % and appends ``, editor'' or ``, editors''.
- % \begin{verbatim}
- % format.editors ==
- % BEGIN
- % if empty$(editor) then return ""
- % else
- % if num.names$(editor) > 1 then
- % return format.names(editor) * ", editors"
- % else
- % return format.names(editor) * ", editor"
- % fi
- % fi
- % END
- % \end{verbatim}
- % Other formatting functions are similar, so no ``comment version'' will be
- % given for them.
- % \subsection{Coding the Names Format Functions}
- % The |pop$| in this function gets rid of the duplicate `empty' value and
- % the |skip$| returns the duplicate field value.
- % \begin{macrocode}
- FUNCTION {field.or.null}
- { duplicate$ empty$
- { pop$ "" }
- 'skip$
- if$
- FUNCTION {emphasize}
- { duplicate$ empty$
- { pop$ "" }
- %<!nfss> { "{\em " swap$ * "}" * }
- %<nfss> { "\emph{" swap$ * "}" * }
- if$
- INTEGERS { nameptr namesleft numnames }
- FUNCTION {format.names}
- { 's :=
- #1 'nameptr :=
- s num.names$ 'numnames :=
- numnames 'namesleft :=
- { namesleft #0 > }
- %<name-full> { s nameptr "{ff~}{vv~}{ll}{, jj}" format.name$ 't :=
- %<!name-full> { s nameptr "{f.~}{vv~}{ll}{, jj}" format.name$ 't :=
- nameptr #1 >
- { namesleft #1 >
- { ", " * t * }
- { numnames #2 >
- { "," * }
- 'skip$
- if$
- t "others" =
- { " et~al." * }
- { " and " * t * }
- if$
- }
- if$
- }
- 't
- if$
- nameptr #1 + 'nameptr :=
- namesleft #1 - 'namesleft :=
- }
- while$
- FUNCTION {format.authors}
- { author empty$
- { "" }
- { author format.names }
- if$
- FUNCTION {format.editors}
- { editor empty$
- { "" }
- { editor format.names
- editor num.names$ #1 >
- { ", editors" * }
- { ", editor" * }
- if$
- }
- if$
- FUNCTION {format.isbn}
- { isbn empty$
- { "" }
- { new.block "ISBN " isbn * }
- if$
- FUNCTION {format.issn}
- { issn empty$
- { "" }
- { new.block "ISSN " issn * }
- if$
- % \end{macrocode}
- % \subsection{Title and Date Format Functions}
- % The |format.title| function is used for non-book-like titles.
- % For most styles we convert to lowercase (except for the very first letter,
- % and except for the first one after a colon (followed by whitespace)),
- % and hope the user has brace-surrounded words that need to stay capitalized;
- % for some styles, however, we leave it as it is in the database.
- % \begin{macrocode}
- FUNCTION {format.title}
- { title empty$
- { "" }
- %<atit-lower> { title "t" change.case$ }
- %<!atit-lower> 'title
- if$
- % \end{macrocode}
- % By default, \btx{} sets the global integer variable |global.max$|
- % to the \btx{}
- % constant |glob_str_size|, the maximum length of a global string variable.
- % Analogously, \btx{} sets the global integer variable |entry.max$| to
- % |ent_str_size|, the maximum length of an entry string variable.
- % The style designer may change these if necessary (but this is
- % unlikely).
- % The |n.dashify| function makes each single {\tt-} in a string a double
- % {\tt--} if it's not already.
- % \begin{quote}
- % pseudoVAR: |pageresult|: STRING \qquad (it's what's accumulated on the stack)
- % \end{quote}
- % \begin{verbatim}
- % n.dashify(s) ==
- % BEGIN
- % t := s
- % pageresult := ""
- % while (not empty$(t))
- % do
- % if (first character of t = "-")
- % then
- % if (next character isn't)
- % then
- % pageresult := pageresult * "--"
- % t := t with the "-" removed
- % else
- % while (first character of t = "-")
- % do
- % pageresult := pageresult * "-"
- % t := t with the "-" removed
- % od
- % fi
- % else
- % pageresult := pageresult * the first character
- % t := t with the first character removed
- % fi
- % od
- % return pageresult
- % END
- % \end{verbatim}
- % \begin{macrocode}
- FUNCTION {n.dashify}
- { 't :=
- { t empty$ not }
- { t #1 #1 substring$ "-" =
- { t #1 #2 substring$ "--" = not
- { "--" *
- t #2 global.max$ substring$ 't :=
- }
- { { t #1 #1 substring$ "-" = }
- { "-" *
- t #2 global.max$ substring$ 't :=
- }
- while$
- }
- if$
- }
- { t #1 #1 substring$ *
- t #2 global.max$ substring$ 't :=
- }
- if$
- }
- while$
- % \end{macrocode}
- % The |format.date| function is for the month and year, but we give a warning if
- % there's an empty year but the month is there, and we return the empty string
- % if they're both empty.
- % \begin{macrocode}
- FUNCTION {format.date}
- { year empty$
- { month empty$
- { "" }
- { "there's a month but no year in " cite$ * warning$
- month
- }
- if$
- }
- { month empty$
- 'year
- { month " " * year * }
- if$
- }
- if$
- % \end{macrocode}
- % The |format.btitle| is for formatting the |title| field when it is a book-like
- % entry---the style used here keeps it in uppers-and-lowers and emphasizes it.
- % \begin{macrocode}
- FUNCTION {format.btitle}
- { title emphasize
- % \end{macrocode}
- % For several functions we'll need to connect two strings with a
- % tie (|~|) if the second one isn't very long (fewer than 3 characters).
- % The |tie.or.space.connect| function does that. It concatenates the two
- % strings on top of the stack, along with either a tie or space between
- % them, and puts this concatenation back onto the stack:
- % \begin{verbatim}
- % tie.or.space.connect(str1,str2) ==
- % BEGIN
- % if text.length$(str2) < 3
- % then return the concatenation of str1, "~", and str2
- % else return the concatenation of str1, " ", and str2
- % END
- % \end{verbatim}
- % \begin{macrocode}
- FUNCTION {tie.or.space.connect}
- { duplicate$ text.length$ #3 <
- { "~" }
- { " " }
- if$
- swap$ * *
- % \end{macrocode}
- % The |either.or.check| function complains if both fields or an either-or pair
- % are nonempty.
- % \begin{verbatim}
- % either.or.check(t,s) ==
- % BEGIN
- % if empty$(s) then
- % warning$(can't use both " * t * " fields in " * cite$)
- % fi
- % END
- % \end{verbatim}
- % \begin{macrocode}
- FUNCTION {either.or.check}
- { empty$
- 'pop$
- { "can't use both " swap$ * " fields in " * cite$ * warning$ }
- if$
- % \end{macrocode}
- % The |format.bvolume| function is for formatting the volume and perhaps
- % series name of a multivolume work. If both a |volume| and a |series| field
- % are there, we assume the |series| field is the title of the whole multivolume
- % work (the |title| field should be the title of the thing being referred to),
- % and we add an ``of \emph{series}''. This function is called in mid-sentence.
- % \begin{macrocode}
- FUNCTION {format.bvolume}
- { volume empty$
- { "" }
- { "volume" volume tie.or.space.connect
- series empty$
- 'skip$
- { " of " * series emphasize * }
- if$
- "volume and number" number either.or.check
- }
- if$
- % \end{macrocode}
- % \subsection{Formats for Special Fields}
- % The |format.number.series| function is for formatting the series name
- % and perhaps number of a work in a series. This function is similar to
- % |format.bvolume|, although for this one the |series| must exist (and the
- % |volume| must not exist). If the |number| field is empty we output either
- % the |series| field unchanged if it exists or else the null string.
- % If both the |number| and |series| fields are there we assume the
- % |series| field
- % gives the name of the whole series (the |title| field should be the title
- % of the work being one referred to), and we add an ``in \emph{series}''.
- % We capitalize ``Number'' when this function is used at the beginning of
- % a block.
- % \begin{macrocode}
- FUNCTION {format.number.series}
- { volume empty$
- { number empty$
- { series field.or.null }
- { output.state mid.sentence =
- { "number" }
- { "Number" }
- if$
- number tie.or.space.connect
- series empty$
- { "there's a number but no series in " cite$ * warning$ }
- { " in " * series * }
- if$
- }
- if$
- }
- { "" }
- if$
- % \end{macrocode}
- % The |format.edition| function appends ``edition'' to the edition, if present.
- % We lowercase the edition (it should be something like ``Third''), because
- % this doesn't start a sentence.
- % \begin{macrocode}
- FUNCTION {format.edition}
- { edition empty$
- { "" }
- { output.state mid.sentence =
- { edition "l" change.case$ " edition" * }
- { edition "t" change.case$ " edition" * }
- if$
- }
- if$
- % \end{macrocode}
- % The |format.pages| function is used for formatting a page range in a book
- % (and in rare circumstances, an article).
- % The |multi.page.check| function examines the |pages| field for a
- % |-| or |,| or |+|
- % so that |format.pages| can use ``page'' instead of ``pages'' if none exists.
- % Note: |global.max$| here means ``take the rest of the string''.
- % \begin{quote}
- % VAR: |multiresult|: INTEGER \qquad (actually, a boolean)
- % \end{quote}
- % \begin{verbatim}
- % multi.page.check(s) ==
- % BEGIN
- % t := s
- % multiresult := false
- % while ((not multiresult) and (not empty$(t)))
- % do
- % if (first character of t = "-" or "," or "+")
- % then multiresult := true
- % else t := t with the first character removed
- % fi
- % od
- % return multiresult
- % END
- % \end{verbatim}
- % \begin{macrocode}
- INTEGERS { multiresult }
- FUNCTION {multi.page.check}
- { 't :=
- #0 'multiresult :=
- { multiresult not
- t empty$ not
- and
- }
- { t #1 #1 substring$
- duplicate$ "-" =
- swap$ duplicate$ "," =
- swap$ "+" =
- or or
- { #1 'multiresult := }
- { t #2 global.max$ substring$ 't := }
- if$
- }
- while$
- multiresult
- % \end{macrocode}
- % This function doesn't begin a sentence so ``pages'' isn't capitalized.
- % Other functions that use this should keep that in mind.
- % \begin{macrocode}
- FUNCTION {format.pages}
- { pages empty$
- { "" }
- { pages multi.page.check
- { "pages" pages n.dashify tie.or.space.connect }
- { "page" pages tie.or.space.connect }
- if$
- }
- if$
- % \end{macrocode}
- % The |format.vol.num.pages| function is for the volume, number, and page range
- % of a journal article. We use the format: vol(number):pages, with some
- % variations for empty fields. This doesn't begin a sentence.
- % \begin{macrocode}
- FUNCTION {format.vol.num.pages}
- { volume field.or.null
- number empty$
- 'skip$
- { "\penalty0 (" number * ")" * *
- volume empty$
- { "there's a number but no volume in " cite$ * warning$ }
- 'skip$
- if$
- }
- if$
- pages empty$
- 'skip$
- { duplicate$ empty$
- { pop$ format.pages }
- { ":\penalty0 " * pages n.dashify * }
- if$
- }
- if$
- % \end{macrocode}
- % The |format.chapter.pages|, if the |chapter| is present, puts whatever
- % is in the
- % |type| field (or else ``chapter'' if |type| is empty) in front of a
- % chapter number.
- % It then appends the pages, if present. This doesn't begin a sentence.
- % \begin{macrocode}
- FUNCTION {format.chapter.pages}
- { chapter empty$
- 'format.pages
- { type empty$
- { "chapter" }
- { type "l" change.case$ }
- if$
- chapter tie.or.space.connect
- pages empty$
- 'skip$
- { ", " * format.pages * }
- if$
- }
- if$
- % \end{macrocode}
- % The |format.in.ed.booktitle| function is used for starting out a sentence
- % that begins ``In \emph{booktitle}'', putting an editor before the
- % title if one exists.
- % \begin{macrocode}
- FUNCTION {format.in.ed.booktitle}
- { booktitle empty$
- { "" }
- { editor empty$
- { "In " booktitle emphasize * }
- { "In " format.editors * ", " * booktitle emphasize * }
- if$
- }
- if$
- % \end{macrocode}
- % The function |empty.misc.check| complains if all six fields are empty, and
- % if there's been no sorting or alphabetic-label complaint.
- % \begin{macrocode}
- FUNCTION {empty.misc.check}
- { author empty$ title empty$ howpublished empty$
- month empty$ year empty$ note empty$
- and and and and and
- %<sorted> key empty$ not and
- %<!sorted&lab-alph> key empty$ not and
- { "all relevant fields are empty in " cite$ * warning$ }
- 'skip$
- if$
- % \end{macrocode}
- % The function |format.thesis.type| returns either the (case-changed)
- % |type| field,
- % if it is defined, or else the default string already on the stack
- % (like ``Master's thesis'' or ``PhD thesis'').
- % \begin{macrocode}
- FUNCTION {format.thesis.type}
- { type empty$
- 'skip$
- { pop$
- type "t" change.case$
- }
- if$
- % \end{macrocode}
- % The function |format.tr.number| makes a string starting with
- % ``Technical Report''
- % (or |type|, if that field is defined), followed by the number if there is one;
- % it returns the starting part (with a case change) even if there is no number.
- % This is used at the beginning of a sentence.
- % \begin{macrocode}
- FUNCTION {format.tr.number}
- { type empty$
- { "Technical Report" }
- 'type
- if$
- number empty$
- { "t" change.case$ }
- { number tie.or.space.connect }
- if$
- % \end{macrocode}
- % \subsection{Cross-Reference Format Functions}
- % Now come the cross-referencing functions (these are invoked because
- % one entry in the database file(s) cross-references another, by giving
- % the other entry's database key in a |crossref| field). This feature
- % allows one or more titled things that are part of a larger titled
- % thing to cross-reference the larger thing. These styles allow for
- % five posibilities:
- % \begin{enumerate}
- % \item an |ARTICLE| may cross-reference an |ARTICLE|;
- % \item a |BOOK|,
- % \item |INBOOK|, or
- % \item |INCOLLECTION| may cross-reference a |BOOK|; or
- % \item an |INPROCEEDINGS| may cross-reference a |PROCEEDINGS|.
- % \end{enumerate}
- % Each of these is explained in more detail later.
- % An |ARTICLE| entry type may cross reference another |ARTICLE| (this is
- % intended for when an entire journal is devoted to a single topic---but
- % since there is no |JOURNAL| entry type, the journal, too, should be
- % classified as an |ARTICLE| but without the |author| and |title| fields).
- % This will result in two warning messages for the journal's entry
- % if it's included in the reference list, but such is life.
- % \begin{verbatim}
- % format.article.crossref ==
- % BEGIN
- % if empty$(key) then
- % if empty$(journal) then
- % warning$("need key or journal for " * cite$ *
- % " to crossref " * crossref)
- % return(" \cite{" * crossref * "}")
- % else
- % return("In " * emphasize.correct (journal) *
- % " \cite{" * crossref * "}")
- % fi
- % else
- % return("In " * key * " \cite{" * crossref * "}")
- % fi
- % END
- % \end{verbatim}
- % The other cross-referencing functions are similar, so no ``comment
- % version'' will be given for them.
- % \begin{macrocode}
- FUNCTION {format.article.crossref}
- { key empty$
- { journal empty$
- { "need key or journal for " cite$ * " to crossref " * crossref *
- warning$
- ""
- }
- %<!nfss> { "In {\em " journal * "\/}" * }
- %<nfss> { "In \emph{" journal * "}" * }
- if$
- }
- { "In " key * }
- if$
- " \cite{" * crossref * "}" *
- % \end{macrocode}
- % We use just the last names of editors for a cross reference: either
- % ``editor'', or ``editor1 and editor2'', or ``editor1 et~al.'' depending on
- % whether there are one, or two, or more than two editors.
- % \begin{macrocode}
- FUNCTION {format.crossref.editor}
- { editor #1 "{vv~}{ll}" format.name$
- editor num.names$ duplicate$
- #2 >
- { pop$ " et~al." * }
- { #2 <
- 'skip$
- { editor #2 "{ff }{vv }{ll}{ jj}" format.name$ "others" =
- { " et~al." * }
- { " and " * editor #2 "{vv~}{ll}" format.name$ * }
- if$
- }
- if$
- }
- if$
- % \end{macrocode}
- % A |BOOK| (or |INBOOK|) entry type (assumed to be for a single volume in a
- % multivolume work) may cross reference another |BOOK| (the entire multivolume).
- % Usually there will be an editor, in which case we use that to construct the
- % cross reference; otherwise we use a nonempty |key| field or else the
- % |series|
- % field (since the series gives the title of the multivolume work).
- % \begin{macrocode}
- FUNCTION {format.book.crossref}
- { volume empty$
- { "empty volume in " cite$ * "'s crossref of " * crossref * warning$
- "In "
- }
- { "Volume" volume tie.or.space.connect
- " of " *
- }
- if$
- editor empty$
- editor field.or.null author field.or.null =
- { key empty$
- { series empty$
- { "need editor, key, or series for " cite$ * " to crossref " *
- crossref * warning$
- "" *
- }
- %<!nfss> { "{\em " * series * "\/}" * }
- %<nfss> { "\emph{" * series * "}" * }
- if$
- }
- { key * }
- if$
- }
- { format.crossref.editor * }
- if$
- " \cite{" * crossref * "}" *
- % \end{macrocode}
- % An |INCOLLECTION| entry type may cross reference a |BOOK| (assumed to be the
- % collection), or an |INPROCEEDINGS| may cross reference a |PROCEEDINGS|.
- % Often there will be an editor, in which case we use that to construct
- % the cross reference; otherwise we use a nonempty |key| field or else
- % the |booktitle| field (which gives the cross-referenced work's title).
- % \begin{macrocode}
- FUNCTION {format.incoll.inproc.crossref}
- { editor empty$
- editor field.or.null author field.or.null =
- { key empty$
- { booktitle empty$
- { "need editor, key, or booktitle for " cite$ * " to crossref " *
- crossref * warning$
- ""
- }
- %<!nfss> { "In {\em " booktitle * "\/}" * }
- %<nfss> { "In \emph{" booktitle * "}" * }
- if$
- }
- { "In " key * }
- if$
- }
- { "In " format.crossref.editor * }
- if$
- " \cite{" * crossref * "}" *
- % \end{macrocode}
- % \section{The Entry Type Functions}
- % Now we define the type functions for all entry types that may appear
- % in the {\tt.bib} file---e.g., functions like |article| and |book|. These
- % are the routines that actually generate the {\tt.bbl}-file output for
- % the entry. These must all precede the |READ| command. In addition, the
- % style designer should have a function |default.type| for unknown types.
- % Note: The fields (within each list) are listed in order of appearance,
- % except as described for an |inbook| or a |proceedings|.
- % \subsection{The {\tt article} Function}
- % The |article| function is for an article in a journal. An article may
- % |CROSSREF| another article.
- % \begin{description}
- % \item[] Required fields: |author|, |title|, |journal|, |year|
- % \item[] Optional fields: |volume|, |number|, |pages|, |month|, |note|
- % \end{description}
- % \begin{verbatim}
- % article ==
- % BEGIN
- % output.bibitem
- % output.check(format.authors,"author")
- % new.block
- % output.check(format.title,"title")
- % new.block
- % if missing$(crossref) then
- % output.check(emphasize(journal),"journal")
- % output(format.vol.num.pages)
- % output.check(format.date,"year")
- % else
- % output.nonnull(format.article.crossref)
- % output(format.pages)
- % fi
- % new.block
- % output(note)
- % fin.entry
- % END
- % \end{verbatim}
- % \subsection{The {\tt book} Function}
- % The |book| function is for a whole book. A book may |CROSSREF| another book.
- % \begin{description}
- % \item[] Required fields: |author| or |editor|, |title|, |publisher|, |year|
- % \item[] Optional fields: |volume| or |number|, |series|, |address|,
- % |edition|, |month|, |note|
- % \end{description}
- % \begin{verbatim}
- % book ==
- % BEGIN
- % if empty$(author) then output.check(format.editors,"author and editor")
- % else output.check(format.authors,"author")
- % if missing$(crossref) then
- % either.or.check("author and editor",editor)
- % fi
- % fi
- % new.block
- % output.check(format.btitle,"title")
- % if missing$(crossref) then
- % output(format.bvolume)
- % new.block
- % output(format.number.series)
- % new.sentence
- % output.check(publisher,"publisher")
- % output(address)
- % else
- % new.block
- % output.nonnull(format.book.crossref)
- % fi
- % output(format.edition)
- % output.check(format.date,"year")
- % new.block
- % output(note)
- % fin.entry
- % END
- % \end{verbatim}
- % The other entry functions are all quite similar, so no ``comment
- % version'' will be given for them.
- % \begin{macrocode}
- FUNCTION {article}
- { output.bibitem
- format.authors "author" output.check
- new.block
- format.title "title" output.check
- new.block
- crossref missing$
- { journal emphasize "journal" output.check
- format.vol.num.pages output
- format.date "year" output.check
- }
- { format.article.crossref output.nonnull
- format.pages output
- }
- if$
- new.block
- note output
- fin.entry
- FUNCTION {book}
- { output.bibitem
- author empty$
- { format.editors "author and editor" output.check }
- { format.authors output.nonnull
- crossref missing$
- { "author and editor" editor either.or.check }
- 'skip$
- if$
- }
- if$
- new.block
- format.btitle "title" output.check
- crossref missing$
- { format.bvolume output
- new.block
- format.number.series output
- new.sentence
- publisher "publisher" output.check
- address output
- }
- { new.block
- format.book.crossref output.nonnull
- }
- if$
- format.edition output
- format.date "year" output.check
- format.isbn output
- new.block
- note output
- fin.entry
- % \end{macrocode}
- % \subsection{The {\tt booklet} Function}
- % A booklet is a bound thing without a publisher or sponsoring institution.
- % \begin{description}
- % \item[] Required: |title|
- % \item[] Optional: |author|, |howpublished|, |address|, |month|, |year|,
- % |note|
- % \end{description}
- % \begin{macrocode}
- FUNCTION {booklet}
- { output.bibitem
- format.authors output
- new.block
- format.title "title" output.check
- howpublished address new.block.checkb
- howpublished output
- address output
- format.date output
- format.isbn output
- new.block
- note output
- fin.entry
- % \end{macrocode}
- % \subsection{The {\tt inbook} Function}
- % For the conference entry type, see inproceedings.
- % An |inbook| is a piece of a book: either a chapter and/or a page range.
- % It may |CROSSREF| a book. If there's no |volume| field, the |type| field
- % will come before number and series.
- % \begin{description}
- % \item[] Required: |author| or |editor|, |title|, |chapter| and/or
- % |pages|, |publisher|, |year|
- % \item[] Optional: |volume| or |number|, |series|, |type|, |address|,
- % |edition|, |month|, |note|
- % \end{description}
- % \begin{macrocode}
- FUNCTION {inbook}
- { output.bibitem
- author empty$
- { format.editors "author and editor" output.check }
- { format.authors output.nonnull
- crossref missing$
- { "author and editor" editor either.or.check }
- 'skip$
- if$
- }
- if$
- new.block
- format.btitle "title" output.check
- crossref missing$
- { format.bvolume output
- format.chapter.pages "chapter and pages" output.check
- new.block
- format.number.series output
- new.sentence
- publisher "publisher" output.check
- address output
- }
- { format.chapter.pages "chapter and pages" output.check
- new.block
- format.book.crossref output.nonnull
- }
- if$
- format.edition output
- format.date "year" output.check
- format.isbn output
- new.block
- note output
- fin.entry
- % \end{macrocode}
- % \subsection{The {\tt incollection} Function}
- % An |incollection| is like |inbook|, but where there is a separate |title|
- % for the referenced thing (and perhaps an |editor| for the whole).
- % An |incollection| may |CROSSREF| a book.
- % \begin{description}
- % \item[] Required: |author|, |title|, |booktitle|, |publisher|, |year|
- % \item[] Optional: |editor|, |volume| or |number|, |series|, |type|,
- % |chapter|, |pages|,
- % |address|, |edition|, |month|, |note|
- % \end{description}
- % \begin{macrocode}
- FUNCTION {incollection}
- { output.bibitem
- format.authors "author" output.check
- new.block
- format.title "title" output.check
- new.block
- crossref missing$
- { format.in.ed.booktitle "booktitle" output.check
- format.bvolume output
- format.number.series output
- format.chapter.pages output
- new.sentence
- publisher "publisher" output.check
- address output
- format.edition output
- format.date "year" output.check
- }
- { format.incoll.inproc.crossref output.nonnull
- format.chapter.pages output
- }
- if$
- format.isbn output
- new.block
- note output
- fin.entry
- % \end{macrocode}
- % \subsection{The {\tt inproceedings} Function}
- % An |inproceedings| is an article in a conference proceedings, and it may
- % |CROSSREF| a proceedings. If there's no |address| field, the month
- % (and year) will appear just before note.
- % \begin{description}
- % \item[] Required: |author|, |title|, |booktitle|, |year|
- % \item[] Optional: |editor|, |volume| or |number|, |series|, |pages|,
- % |address|, |month|,
- % |organization|, |publisher|, |note|
- % \end{description}
- % \begin{macrocode}
- FUNCTION {inproceedings}
- { output.bibitem
- format.authors "author" output.check
- new.block
- format.title "title" output.check
- new.block
- crossref missing$
- { format.in.ed.booktitle "booktitle" output.check
- format.bvolume output
- format.number.series output
- format.pages output
- address empty$
- { organization publisher new.sentence.checkb
- organization output
- publisher output
- format.date "year" output.check
- }
- { address output.nonnull
- format.date "year" output.check
- new.sentence
- organization output
- publisher output
- }
- if$
- }
- { format.incoll.inproc.crossref output.nonnull
- format.pages output
- }
- if$
- format.isbn output
- new.block
- note output
- fin.entry
- % \end{macrocode}
- % The conference function is included for Scribe compatibility.
- % \begin{macrocode}
- FUNCTION {conference} { inproceedings }
- % \end{macrocode}
- % \subsection{The {\tt manual} Function}
- % A manual is technical documentation.
- % \begin{description}
- % \item[] Required: |title|
- % \item[] Optional: |author|, |organization|, |address|, |edition|,
- % |month|, |year|, |note|
- % \end{description}
- % \begin{macrocode}
- FUNCTION {manual}
- { output.bibitem
- author empty$
- { organization empty$
- 'skip$
- { organization output.nonnull
- address output
- }
- if$
- }
- { format.authors output.nonnull }
- if$
- new.block
- format.btitle "title" output.check
- author empty$
- { organization empty$
- { address new.block.checka
- address output
- }
- 'skip$
- if$
- }
- { organization address new.block.checkb
- organization output
- address output
- }
- if$
- format.edition output
- format.date output
- new.block
- note output
- fin.entry
- % \end{macrocode}
- % \subsection{The {\tt mastersthesis} Function}
- % A |mastersthesis| is a Master's thesis.
- % \begin{description}
- % \item[] Required: |author|, |title|, |school|, |year|
- % \item[] Optional: |type|, |address|, |month|, |note|
- % \end{description}
- % \begin{macrocode}
- FUNCTION {mastersthesis}
- { output.bibitem
- format.authors "author" output.check
- new.block
- format.title "title" output.check
- new.block
- "Master's thesis" format.thesis.type output.nonnull
- school "school" output.check
- address output
- format.date "year" output.check
- new.block
- note output
- fin.entry
- % \end{macrocode}
- % \subsection{The {\tt misc} Function}
- % A |misc| is something that doesn't fit elsewhere.
- % \begin{description}
- % \item[] Required: at least one of the `optional' fields
- % \item[] Optional: |author|, |title|, |howpublished|, |month|, |year|,
- % |note|
- % \end{description}
- % \begin{macrocode}
- FUNCTION {misc}
- { output.bibitem
- format.authors output
- title howpublished new.block.checkb
- format.title output
- howpublished new.block.checka
- howpublished output
- format.date output
- format.issn output
- new.block
- note output
- fin.entry
- empty.misc.check
- % \end{macrocode}
- % \subsection{The {\tt phdthesis} Function}
- % A phdthesis is like a mastersthesis.
- % \begin{description}
- % \item[] Required: |author|, |title|, |school|, |year|
- % \item[] Optional: |type|, |address|, |month|, |note|
- % \end{description}
- % \begin{macrocode}
- FUNCTION {phdthesis}
- { output.bibitem
- format.authors "author" output.check
- new.block
- format.btitle "title" output.check
- new.block
- "PhD thesis" format.thesis.type output.nonnull
- school "school" output.check
- address output
- format.date "year" output.check
- new.block
- note output
- fin.entry
- % \end{macrocode}
- % \subsection{The {\tt periodical} Function}
- % {\sl (This is not part of the standard styles, but is an addition in
- % {\tt xbtxbst.doc}. ---PWD)}
- % A periodical is a publication that appears at regular
- % intervals. This includes journals, magazines, and newspapers.
- % If there is an |organization| but no |editor| field, the
- % organization will appear as the first optional field (we try to
- % make the first block nonempty); if there's no |address| field,
- % the month (and year) will appear just before note.
- % \begin{description}
- % \item[] Required: |title|, |key|
- % \item[] Optional: |editor|, |volume|, |number|, |series|, |address|,
- % |month|, |year|,
- % |organization|, |publisher|, |note|, |issn|,
- % |howpublished|
- % \end{description}
- % \begin{macrocode}
- FUNCTION {periodical}
- { output.bibitem
- editor empty$
- { organization output }
- { format.editors output.nonnull }
- if$
- new.block
- title emphasize "title" output.check
- % format.bvolume output
- % format.number.series output
- format.vol.num.pages output
- format.date output
- format.issn output
- new.sentence
- publisher output
- address output
- howpublished new.block.checka
- howpublished output
- new.block
- note output
- fin.entry
- % \end{macrocode}
- % \subsection{The {\tt proceedings} Function}
- % A proceedings is a conference proceedings.
- % If there is an |organization| but no |editor| field, the organization will
- % appear as the first optional field (we try to make the first block nonempty);
- % if there's no |address| field, the month (and year) will appear just
- % before note.
- % \begin{description}
- % \item[] Required: |title|, |year|
- % \item[] Optional: |editor|, |volume| or |number|, |series|, |address|,
- % |month|,
- % |organization|, |publisher|, |note|
- % \end{description}
- % \begin{macrocode}
- FUNCTION {proceedings}
- { output.bibitem
- editor empty$
- { organization output }
- { format.editors output.nonnull }
- if$
- new.block
- format.btitle "title" output.check
- format.bvolume output
- format.number.series output
- address empty$
- { editor empty$
- { publisher new.sentence.checka }
- { organization publisher new.sentence.checkb
- organization output
- }
- if$
- publisher output
- format.date "year" output.check
- }
- { address output.nonnull
- format.date "year" output.check
- new.sentence
- editor empty$
- 'skip$
- { organization output }
- if$
- publisher output
- }
- if$
- format.isbn output
- new.block
- note output
- fin.entry
- % \end{macrocode}
- % \subsection{The {\tt techreport} Function}
- % A |techreport| is a technical report.
- % \begin{description}
- % \item[] Required: |author|, |title|, |institution|, |year|
- % \item[] Optional: |type|, |number|, |address|, |month|, |note|
- % \end{description}
- % \begin{macrocode}
- FUNCTION {techreport}
- { output.bibitem
- format.authors "author" output.check
- new.block
- format.title "title" output.check
- new.block
- format.tr.number output.nonnull
- institution "institution" output.check
- address output
- format.date "year" output.check
- new.block
- note output
- fin.entry
- % \end{macrocode}
- % \subsection{The {\tt unpublished} Function}
- % An |unpublished| is something that hasn't been published.
- % \begin{description}
- % \item[] Required: |author|, |title|, |note|
- % \item{} Optional: |month|, |year|
- % \end{description}
- % \begin{macrocode}
- FUNCTION {unpublished}
- { output.bibitem
- format.authors "author" output.check
- new.block
- format.title "title" output.check
- new.block
- note "note" output.check
- format.date output
- fin.entry
- % \end{macrocode}
- % \subsection{The {\tt default.type} Function}
- % We use entry type |misc| for an unknown type; \btx{} gives a warning.
- % \begin{macrocode}
- FUNCTION {default.type} { misc }
- % \end{macrocode}
- % \section{Common Features}
- % Here are macros for common things that may vary from style to style.
- % Users are encouraged to use these macros.
- % \subsection{The Months}
- % Months are either written out in full or abbreviated
- % \begin{macrocode}
- %<*month-full>
- MACRO {jan} {"January"}
- MACRO {feb} {"February"}
- MACRO {mar} {"March"}
- MACRO {apr} {"April"}
- MACRO {may} {"May"}
- MACRO {jun} {"June"}
- MACRO {jul} {"July"}
- MACRO {aug} {"August"}
- MACRO {sep} {"September"}
- MACRO {oct} {"October"}
- MACRO {nov} {"November"}
- MACRO {dec} {"December"}
- %</month-full>
- %<*!month-full>
- MACRO {jan} {"Jan."}
- MACRO {feb} {"Feb."}
- MACRO {mar} {"Mar."}
- MACRO {apr} {"Apr."}
- MACRO {may} {"May"}
- MACRO {jun} {"June"}
- MACRO {jul} {"July"}
- MACRO {aug} {"Aug."}
- MACRO {sep} {"Sept."}
- MACRO {oct} {"Oct."}
- MACRO {nov} {"Nov."}
- MACRO {dec} {"Dec."}
- %</!month-full>
- % \end{macrocode}
- % \subsection{Journal Names}
- % Journals are either written out in full or abbreviated;
- % the abbreviations are like those found in ACM publications.
- % To get a completely different set of abbreviations, it may be best to make
- % a separate {\tt.bib} file with nothing but those abbreviations; users
- % could then
- % include that file name as the first argument to the |\bibliography|
- % command.
- % \begin{macrocode}
- %<*jour-full>
- MACRO {acmcs} {"ACM Computing Surveys"}
- MACRO {acta} {"Acta Informatica"}
- MACRO {cacm} {"Communications of the ACM"}
- MACRO {ibmjrd} {"IBM Journal of Research and Development"}
- MACRO {ibmsj} {"IBM Systems Journal"}
- MACRO {ieeese} {"IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering"}
- MACRO {ieeetc} {"IEEE Transactions on Computers"}
- MACRO {ieeetcad}
- {"IEEE Transactions on Computer-Aided Design of Integrated Circuits"}
- MACRO {ipl} {"Information Processing Letters"}
- MACRO {jacm} {"Journal of the ACM"}
- MACRO {jcss} {"Journal of Computer and System Sciences"}
- MACRO {scp} {"Science of Computer Programming"}
- MACRO {sicomp} {"SIAM Journal on Computing"}
- MACRO {tocs} {"ACM Transactions on Computer Systems"}
- MACRO {tods} {"ACM Transactions on Database Systems"}
- MACRO {tog} {"ACM Transactions on Graphics"}
- MACRO {toms} {"ACM Transactions on Mathematical Software"}
- MACRO {toois} {"ACM Transactions on Office Information Systems"}
- MACRO {toplas} {"ACM Transactions on Programming Languages and Systems"}
- MACRO {tcs} {"Theoretical Computer Science"}
- %</jour-full>
- %<*!jour-full>
- MACRO {acmcs} {"ACM Comput. Surv."}
- MACRO {acta} {"Acta Inf."}
- MACRO {cacm} {"Commun. ACM"}
- MACRO {ibmjrd} {"IBM J. Res. Dev."}
- MACRO {ibmsj} {"IBM Syst.~J."}
- MACRO {ieeese} {"IEEE Trans. Softw. Eng."}
- MACRO {ieeetc} {"IEEE Trans. Comput."}
- MACRO {ieeetcad}
- {"IEEE Trans. Comput.-Aided Design Integrated Circuits"}
- MACRO {ipl} {"Inf. Process. Lett."}
- MACRO {jacm} {"J.~ACM"}
- MACRO {jcss} {"J.~Comput. Syst. Sci."}
- MACRO {scp} {"Sci. Comput. Programming"}
- MACRO {sicomp} {"SIAM J. Comput."}
- MACRO {tocs} {"ACM Trans. Comput. Syst."}
- MACRO {tods} {"ACM Trans. Database Syst."}
- MACRO {tog} {"ACM Trans. Gr."}
- MACRO {toms} {"ACM Trans. Math. Softw."}
- MACRO {toois} {"ACM Trans. Office Inf. Syst."}
- MACRO {toplas} {"ACM Trans. Prog. Lang. Syst."}
- MACRO {tcs} {"Theoretical Comput. Sci."}
- %</!jour-full>
- % \end{macrocode}
- % \section{Processing}
- % \subsection{Input the Entries}
- % Now we read in the {\tt.bib} entries.
- % \begin{macrocode}
- % \end{macrocode}
- %\subsection{Auxiliary Functions for Labels}
- % The sortify function converts to lower case after |purify$|ing; it's
- % used in sorting and in computing alphabetic labels after sorting.
- % The |chop.word(w,len,s)| function returns either |s| or, if the first
- % |len|
- % letters of |s| equals |w| (this comparison is done in the third line of the
- % function's definition), it returns that part of |s| after |w|.
- % \begin{macrocode}
- %<*sorted>
- FUNCTION {sortify}
- { purify$
- "l" change.case$
- INTEGERS { len }
- FUNCTION {chop.word}
- { 's :=
- 'len :=
- s #1 len substring$ =
- { s len #1 + global.max$ substring$ }
- 's
- if$
- %</sorted>
- %<*lab-alph&!sorted>
- % \end{macrocode}
- % We need the |chop.word| stuff for the dubious
- % \emph{unsorted-list-with-labels} case.
- % \begin{macrocode}
- INTEGERS { len }
- FUNCTION {chop.word}
- { 's :=
- 'len :=
- s #1 len substring$ =
- { s len #1 + global.max$ substring$ }
- 's
- if$
- %</lab-alph&!sorted>
- % \end{macrocode}
- % \subsection{Making Labels}
- % This long comment applies only to alphabetic labels.
- % The |format.lab.names| function makes a short label by using the initials of
- % the von and Last parts of the names (but if there are more than four names,
- % (i.e., people) it truncates after three and adds a superscripted |+|;
- % it also adds such a |+| if the last of multiple authors is ``others'').
- % If there is only one name, and its von and Last parts combined have just
- % a single name-token (``Knuth'' has a single token, ``Brinch Hansen'' has two),
- % we take the first three letters of the last name. The boolean
- % |et.al.char.used| tells whether we've used a superscripted |+|, so that we
- % know whether to include a \LaTeX{} macro for it.
- % \begin{verbatim}
- % format.lab.names(s) ==
- % BEGIN
- % numnames := num.names$(s)
- % if numnames > 1 then
- % if numnames > 4 then
- % namesleft := 3
- % else
- % namesleft := numnames
- % nameptr := 1
- % nameresult := ""
- % while namesleft > 0
- % do
- % if (name_ptr = numnames) and
- % format.name$(s, nameptr, "{ff }{vv }{ll}{ jj}") = "others"
- % then nameresult := nameresult * "{\etalchar{+}}"
- % et.al.char.used := true
- % else nameresult := nameresult *
- % format.name$(s, nameptr, "{v{}}{l{}}")
- % nameptr := nameptr + 1
- % namesleft := namesleft - 1
- % od
- % if numnames > 4 then
- % nameresult := nameresult * "{\etalchar{+}}"
- % et.al.char.used := true
- % else
- % t := format.name$(s, 1, "{v{}}{l{}}")
- % if text.length$(t) < 2 then % there's just one name-token
- % nameresult := text.prefix$(format.name$(s,1,"{ll}"),3)
- % else
- % nameresult := t
- % fi
- % fi
- % return nameresult
- % END
- % \end{verbatim}
- % Exactly what fields we look at in constructing the primary part of the label
- % depends on the entry type; this selectivity (as opposed to, say, always
- % looking at author, then editor, then key) helps ensure that ``ignored''
- % fields,
- % as described in the \LaTeX{} book, really are ignored. Note that
- % |MISC| is part
- % of the deepest `else' clause in the nested part of |calc.label|; thus, any
- % unrecognized entry type in the database is handled correctly.
- % There is one auxiliary function for each of the four different sequences of
- % fields we use. The first of these functions looks at the |author| field, and
- % then, if necessary, the |key| field. The other three functions, which might
- % look at two fields and the |key| field, are similar, except that the
- % |key| field
- % takes precedence over the |organization| field (for labels---not for sorting).
- % The |calc.label| function calculates the preliminary label of an entry, which
- % is formed by taking three letters of information from the |author| or
- % |editor| or
- % |key| or |organization| field (depending on the entry type and on
- % what's empty,
- % but ignoring a leading ``The '' in the organization), and appending the last
- % two characters (digits) of the year. It is an error if the appropriate fields
- % among |author|, |editor|, |organization|, and |key| are missing, and we use
- % the first three letters of the |cite$| in desperation when this happens.
- % The resulting label has the |year| part, but not the |name| part,
- % |purify$|ed
- % (|purify$|ing the year allows some sorting shenanigans by the user).
- % This function also calculates the version of the label to be used in sorting.
- % The final label may need a trailing `a', `b', etc., to distinguish it from
- % otherwise identical labels, but we can't calculated those
- % |extra.label|s
- % until after sorting.
- % \begin{verbatim}
- % calc.label ==
- % BEGIN
- % if type$ = "book" or "inbook" then
- % author.editor.key.label
- % else if type$ = "proceedings" then
- % editor.key.organization.label
- % else if type$ = "manual" then
- % author.key.organization.label
- % else
- % author.key.label
- % fi fi fi
- % label := label * substring$(purify$(field.or.null(year)), -1, 2)
- % % assuming we will also sort, we calculate a sort.label
- % sort.label := sortify(label), but use the last four, not two, digits
- % END
- % \end{verbatim}
- % \begin{macrocode}
- %<*lab-alph>
- INTEGERS { et.al.char.used }
- FUNCTION {initialize.et.al.char.used}
- { #0 'et.al.char.used :=
- EXECUTE {initialize.et.al.char.used}
- FUNCTION {format.lab.names}
- { 's :=
- s num.names$ 'numnames :=
- numnames #1 >
- { numnames #4 >
- { #3 'namesleft := }
- { numnames 'namesleft := }
- if$
- #1 'nameptr :=
- ""
- { namesleft #0 > }
- { nameptr numnames =
- { s nameptr "{ff }{vv }{ll}{ jj}" format.name$ "others" =
- { "{\etalchar{+}}" *
- #1 'et.al.char.used :=
- }
- { s nameptr "{v{}}{l{}}" format.name$ * }
- if$
- }
- { s nameptr "{v{}}{l{}}" format.name$ * }
- if$
- nameptr #1 + 'nameptr :=
- namesleft #1 - 'namesleft :=
- }
- while$
- numnames #4 >
- { "{\etalchar{+}}" *
- #1 'et.al.char.used :=
- }
- 'skip$
- if$
- }
- { s #1 "{v{}}{l{}}" format.name$
- duplicate$ text.length$ #2 <
- { pop$ s #1 "{ll}" format.name$ #3 text.prefix$ }
- 'skip$
- if$
- }
- if$
- FUNCTION {author.key.label}
- { author empty$
- { key empty$
- %<sorted> { cite$ #1 #3 substring$ }
- %<*!sorted>
- % \end{macrocode}
- % We need a warning here because we won't give it later
- % \begin{macrocode}
- { "for label, need author or key in " cite$ * warning$
- cite$ #1 #3 substring$
- }
- %</!sorted>
- { key #3 text.prefix$ }
- if$
- }
- { author format.lab.names }
- if$
- FUNCTION {author.editor.key.label}
- { author empty$
- { editor empty$
- { key empty$
- %<sorted> { cite$ #1 #3 substring$ }
- %<*!sorted>
- { "for label, need author, editor, or key in " cite$ * warning$
- cite$ #1 #3 substring$
- }
- %</!sorted>
- { key #3 text.prefix$ }
- if$
- }
- { editor format.lab.names }
- if$
- }
- { author format.lab.names }
- if$
- FUNCTION {author.key.organization.label}
- { author empty$
- { key empty$
- { organization empty$
- %<sorted> { cite$ #1 #3 substring$ }
- %<*!sorted>
- { "for label, need author, key, or organization in " cite$ *
- warning$
- cite$ #1 #3 substring$
- }
- %</!sorted>
- { "The " #4 organization chop.word #3 text.prefix$ }
- if$
- }
- { key #3 text.prefix$ }
- if$
- }
- { author format.lab.names }
- if$
- FUNCTION {editor.key.organization.label}
- { editor empty$
- { key empty$
- { organization empty$
- %<sorted> { cite$ #1 #3 substring$ }
- %<*!sorted>
- { "for label, need editor, key, or organization in " cite$ *
- warning$
- cite$ #1 #3 substring$
- }
- %</!sorted>
- { "The " #4 organization chop.word #3 text.prefix$ }
- if$
- }
- { key #3 text.prefix$ }
- if$
- }
- { editor format.lab.names }
- if$
- FUNCTION {calc.label}
- { type$ "book" =
- type$ "inbook" =
- 'author.editor.key.label
- { type$ "proceedings" =
- 'editor.key.organization.label
- { type$ "manual" =
- 'author.key.organization.label
- 'author.key.label
- if$
- }
- if$
- }
- if$
- duplicate$
- year field.or.null purify$ #-1 #2 substring$
- 'label :=
- year field.or.null purify$ #-1 #4 substring$
- sortify 'sort.label :=
- % \end{macrocode}
- % \subsection{Sorting}
- % It doesn't seem like a particularly good idea to use an order-of-citation
- % reference list when using alphabetic labels, but we need to have a
- % special pass to calculate labels when this happens.
- % \begin{macrocode}
- %<!sorted>ITERATE {calc.label}
- %</lab-alph>
- % \end{macrocode}
- % When sorting, we compute the sortkey by executing |presort| on each entry.
- % The presort key contains a number of |sortify|ed strings, concatenated
- % with multiple blanks between them. This makes things like ``brinch
- % per''
- % come before ``brinch hansen per''.
- % The fields used here are: the |sort.label| for alphabetic labels (as set by
- % |calc.label|), followed by the author names (or editor names or organization
- % (with a leading ``The '' removed) or key field, depending on entry type and on
- % what's empty), followed by year, followed by the first bit of the title
- % (chopping off a leading ``The '', ``A '', or ``An '').
- % Names are formatted: Von Last First Junior.
- % The names within a part will be separated by a single blank
- % (such as ``brinch hansen''), two will separate the name parts themselves
- % (except the von and last), three will separate the names,
- % four will separate the names from year (and from label, if alphabetic),
- % and four will separate year from title.
- % The |sort.format.names| function takes an argument that should be in
- % \btx{} name format, and returns a string containing ``\verb*! !''-separated
- % names in the format described above. The function is almost the same
- % as |format.names|.
- % \begin{macrocode}
- %<*sorted>
- FUNCTION {sort.format.names}
- { 's :=
- #1 'nameptr :=
- s num.names$ 'numnames :=
- numnames 'namesleft :=
- { namesleft #0 > }
- { nameptr #1 >
- { " " * }
- 'skip$
- if$
- %<name-full> s nameptr "{vv{ } }{ll{ }}{ ff{ }}{ jj{ }}" format.name$ 't :=
- %<!name-full> s nameptr "{vv{ } }{ll{ }}{ f{ }}{ jj{ }}" format.name$ 't :=
- nameptr numnames = t "others" = and
- { "et al" * }
- { t sortify * }
- if$
- nameptr #1 + 'nameptr :=
- namesleft #1 - 'namesleft :=
- }
- while$
- % \end{macrocode}
- % The |sort.format.title| function returns the argument,
- % but first any leading ``A ''\,'s, ``An ''\,'s, or ``The ''\,'s are removed.
- % The |chop.word| function uses |s|, so we need another string variable,
- % |t|.
- % \begin{macrocode}
- FUNCTION {sort.format.title}
- { 't :=
- "A " #2
- "An " #3
- "The " #4 t chop.word
- chop.word
- chop.word
- sortify
- #1 global.max$ substring$
- % \end{macrocode}
- % The auxiliary functions here, for the |presort| function, are analogous to
- % the ones for |calc.label|; the same comments apply, except that the
- % |organization| field takes precedence here over the |key| field. For sorting
- % purposes, we still remove a leading ``The '' from the |organization| field.
- % \begin{macrocode}
- FUNCTION {author.sort}
- { author empty$
- { key empty$
- { "to sort, need author or key in " cite$ * warning$
- ""
- }
- { key sortify }
- if$
- }
- { author sort.format.names }
- if$
- FUNCTION {author.editor.sort}
- { author empty$
- { editor empty$
- { key empty$
- { "to sort, need author, editor, or key in " cite$ * warning$
- ""
- }
- { key sortify }
- if$
- }
- { editor sort.format.names }
- if$
- }
- { author sort.format.names }
- if$
- FUNCTION {author.organization.sort}
- { author empty$
- { organization empty$
- { key empty$
- { "to sort, need author, organization, or key in " cite$ * warning$
- ""
- }
- { key sortify }
- if$
- }
- { "The " #4 organization chop.word sortify }
- if$
- }
- { author sort.format.names }
- if$
- FUNCTION {editor.organization.sort}
- { editor empty$
- { organization empty$
- { key empty$
- { "to sort, need editor, organization, or key in " cite$ * warning$
- ""
- }
- { key sortify }
- if$
- }
- { "The " #4 organization chop.word sortify }
- if$
- }
- { editor sort.format.names }
- if$
- % \end{macrocode}
- % There is a limit, |entry.max$|, on the length of an entry string variable
- % (which is what its |sort.key$| is), so we take at most that many characters
- % of the constructed key, and hope there aren't many references that match
- % to that many characters!
- % \begin{macrocode}
- FUNCTION {presort}
- %<*lab-alph>
- { calc.label
- sort.label
- " "
- type$ "book" =
- %</lab-alph>
- %<!lab-alph>{ type$ "book" =
- type$ "inbook" =
- 'author.editor.sort
- { type$ "proceedings" =
- 'editor.organization.sort
- { type$ "manual" =
- 'author.organization.sort
- 'author.sort
- if$
- }
- if$
- }
- if$
- %<lab-alph> *
- " "
- year field.or.null sortify
- " "
- title field.or.null
- sort.format.title
- #1 entry.max$ substring$
- 'sort.key$ :=
- ITERATE {presort}
- % \end{macrocode}
- % And now we can sort.
- % \begin{macrocode}
- %</sorted>
- % \end{macrocode}
- % \subsection{Sorted Alphabetic Labels}
- % This long comment applies only to alphabetic labels, when sorted.
- % Now comes the final computation for alphabetic labels, putting in the `a's
- % and `b's and so forth if required. This involves two passes: a forward
- % pass to put in the `b's, `c's and so on, and a backwards pass
- % to put in the `a's (we don't want to put in `a's unless we know there
- % are `b's).
- % We have to keep track of the longest (in |width$| terms) label, for use
- % by the |thebibliography| environment.
- % \begin{quote}
- % VAR: |longest.label|, |last.sort.label|, |next.extra|:\quad string \\
- % \quad |longest.label.width|, |last.extra.num|: \quad integer
- % \end{quote}
- % \begin{verbatim}
- % initialize.longest.label ==
- % BEGIN
- % longest.label := ""
- % last.sort.label := int.to.chr$(0)
- % next.extra := ""
- % longest.label.width := 0
- % last.extra.num := 0
- % END
- % forward.pass ==
- % BEGIN
- % if last.sort.label = sort.label then
- % last.extra.num := last.extra.num + 1
- % extra.label := int.to.chr$(last.extra.num)
- % else
- % last.extra.num := chr.to.int$("a")
- % extra.label := ""
- % last.sort.label := sort.label
- % fi
- % END
- % reverse.pass ==
- % BEGIN
- % if next.extra = "b" then
- % extra.label := "a"
- % fi
- % label := label * extra.label
- % if width$(label) > longest.label.width then
- % longest.label := label
- % longest.label.width := width$(label)
- % fi
- % next.extra := extra.label
- % END
- % \end{verbatim}
- % \begin{macrocode}
- %<*lab-alph>
- %<*sorted>
- STRINGS { longest.label last.sort.label next.extra }
- INTEGERS { longest.label.width last.extra.num }
- FUNCTION {initialize.longest.label}
- { "" 'longest.label :=
- #0 int.to.chr$ 'last.sort.label :=
- "" 'next.extra :=
- #0 'longest.label.width :=
- #0 'last.extra.num :=
- FUNCTION {forward.pass}
- { last.sort.label sort.label =
- { last.extra.num #1 + 'last.extra.num :=
- last.extra.num int.to.chr$ 'extra.label :=
- }
- { "a" chr.to.int$ 'last.extra.num :=
- "" 'extra.label :=
- sort.label 'last.sort.label :=
- }
- if$
- FUNCTION {reverse.pass}
- { next.extra "b" =
- { "a" 'extra.label := }
- 'skip$
- if$
- label extra.label * 'label :=
- label width$ longest.label.width >
- { label 'longest.label :=
- label width$ 'longest.label.width :=
- }
- 'skip$
- if$
- extra.label 'next.extra :=
- EXECUTE {initialize.longest.label}
- ITERATE {forward.pass}
- REVERSE {reverse.pass}
- %</sorted>
- %<*!sorted>
- % \end{macrocode}
- % It still doesn't seem like a good idea to use an order-of-citation
- % reference list when using alphabetic labels, but when this happens we
- % must compute the longest label
- % \begin{macrocode}
- STRINGS { longest.label }
- INTEGERS { longest.label.width }
- FUNCTION {initialize.longest.label}
- { "" 'longest.label :=
- #0 'longest.label.width :=
- FUNCTION {longest.label.pass}
- { label width$ longest.label.width >
- { label 'longest.label :=
- label width$ 'longest.label.width :=
- }
- 'skip$
- if$
- EXECUTE {initialize.longest.label}
- ITERATE {longest.label.pass}
- %</!sorted>
- %</lab-alph>
- %<*!lab-alph>
- % \end{macrocode}
- % \subsection{Numeric Labels}
- % Now comes the computation for numeric labels.
- % We use either the sorted order or original order.
- % We still have to keep track of the longest (in |width$| terms) label, for use
- % by the |thebibliography| environment.
- % \begin{macrocode}
- STRINGS { longest.label }
- INTEGERS { number.label longest.label.width }
- FUNCTION {initialize.longest.label}
- { "" 'longest.label :=
- #1 'number.label :=
- #0 'longest.label.width :=
- FUNCTION {longest.label.pass}
- { number.label int.to.str$ 'label :=
- number.label #1 + 'number.label :=
- label width$ longest.label.width >
- { label 'longest.label :=
- label width$ 'longest.label.width :=
- }
- 'skip$
- if$
- EXECUTE {initialize.longest.label}
- ITERATE {longest.label.pass}
- %</!lab-alph>
- % \end{macrocode}
- % \subsection{Writing the {\tt.bbl} File}
- % Now we're ready to start writing the {\tt.bbl} file.
- % We begin, if necessary, with a \LaTeX{} macro for unnamed names in an
- % alphabetic
- % label; next comes stuff from the |preamble| command in the database files.
- % Then we give an incantation containing the command
- % \begin{quote}
- % | \begin{thebibliography}{...}|
- % \end{quote}
- % where the |...| is the longest label.
- % We also call |init.state.consts|, for use by the output routines.
- % \begin{macrocode}
- FUNCTION {begin.bib}
- %<*lab-alph>
- { et.al.char.used
- { "\newcommand{\etalchar}[1]{$^{#1}$}" write$ newline$ }
- 'skip$
- if$
- preamble$ empty$
- %</lab-alph>
- %<!lab-alph>{ preamble$ empty$
- 'skip$
- { preamble$ write$ newline$ }
- if$
- "\begin{thebibliography}{" longest.label * "}" * write$ newline$
- EXECUTE {begin.bib}
- EXECUTE {init.state.consts}
- % \end{macrocode}
- % Now we produce the output for all the entries.
- % \begin{macrocode}
- ITERATE {call.type$}
- % \end{macrocode}
- % Finally, we finish up by writing the `|\end{thebibliography}|' command.
- % \begin{macrocode}
- FUNCTION {end.bib}
- { newline$
- "\end{thebibliography}" write$ newline$
- EXECUTE {end.bib}
- %</!options>
- % \end{macrocode}
- % \Finale
-